On Becoming a People’s College: Placemaking as Hidden Curriculum

Authors

  • Sean Crossland Utah Valley University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18060/26445

Keywords:

community colleges, placemaking, hidden curriculum, appreciative inquiry

Abstract

This research was originally presented as a chapter in the doctoral dissertation On Becoming a People’s College: An Appreciative Inquiry. Appreciative Inquiry (Ai) is a participatory approach to organizational change focused on an affirmative topic choice. The topic choice of the dissertation was equity, democracy, and justice at the selected site. This article shares the motivations and relevant characteristics of the chosen fieldwork site, De Anza College. Three categories of considerations for the role of place and placemaking within the institution’s hidden curriculum are described: institutional identities, organizational features, and resource scarcity. These characteristics are followed by a discussion of levers of change for enhancing the role of placemaking within the hidden curriculum: prefigurative politics, creativity, and the Anchor Institution approach.

References

Adams, D. (1982). Life, the universe and everything. Pan Books.

Allen, D., Strumbos, D., & Clay, J. (2014). Race, ethnicity, and service-learning: Understanding access and equity using a critical quantitative approach. In A. Traver & Z. Katz (Eds.) Service-Learning at the American community college (pp. 95-110). Palgrave Macmillan.

American Association of Community Colleges (n.d.). Fast Facts from Our Fact Sheet. http://www.aacc.nche.edu/AboutCC/Pages/fastfactsfactsheet.aspx

Andersen, C. E. (2017). Affirmative critique as minor qualitative critical inquiry: A storying of a becoming critical engagement with what happens. International Review of Qualitative Research, 10(4), 430–449.

Anderson, E. (2012). Epistemic justice as a virtue of social institutions. Social Epistemology, 26 (2), 163–173.

Anderson, G. L., & Cohen, M. I. (2018). The New democratic professional in education: Confronting markets, metrics, and managerialism. Teachers College Press.

Apple, M. W. (2004). Ideology and Curriculum (3 edition). Routledge.

Appreciative Inquiry—A Brief History. (n.d.). The Appreciative inquiry Commons. Retrieved November 11, 2019, from https://appreciativeinquiry.champlain.edu/learn/appreciative-inquiry-brief-history/

Bailey, T. R., Jaggars, S. S., & Jenkins, D. (2015). Redesigning America’s community colleges. Harvard University Press.

Beach, J. M. (2012). Gateway to opportunity? A history of the community college in the United States. Stylus Publishing, LLC..

Better, A. (2013). Learning from experience: Integrating students’ everyday lives into the urban community college sociology classroom. The American Sociologist, 44(4), 385–395.

Better, A. (2016). The political is personal: Public sociology and social change through community engagement. In E. Schnee, A. Better, M. Clark Cummings (Eds.) Civic engagement pedagogy in the community college: Theory and practice (pp. 53–69). Springer.

Bickerstaff, S., Barragan, M., & Rucks-Ahidiana, Z. (2012). “ I came in unsure of everything”: Community college students’ shifts in confidence. CCRC Working Paper No. 48. Community College Research Center, Columbia University.

Billies, M., & Heyliger, F. C. (2016). Personal connection and formal research: Community college students develop multicultural counseling competency. In E. Schnee, A. Better, M. Clark Cummings (Eds.), Civic engagement pedagogy in the community college: Theory and practice (pp. 151–170). Springer.

Blake, D. F. (2009). Final word: African Americans and community engagement: The challenge and opportunity for higher education. In S. Evans, C. Taylor, M. Dunlap, D. Miller (Eds.) African Americans and community engagement in higher education (pp. 241–248). SUNY Press.

Booth, K., Cooper, D., Karandjeff, K., Large, M., Pellegrin, N., Purnell, R., Rodriguez-Kiino, D., Schiorring, E., & Willett, T. (2013). Using student voices to redefine success: What community college students say institutions, instructors and others can do to help them succeed. Research and Planning Group for California Community Colleges (RP Group).

Bowman, N. A. (2011). Promoting participation in a diverse democracy: A meta-analysis of college diversity experiences and civic engagement. Review of Educational Research, 81(1), 29–68.

Boyer, E. L., Moser, D., Ream, T. C., & Braxton, J. M. (2015). Scholarship reconsidered: Priorities of the professoriate. John Wiley & Sons.

Bringle, R. G., & Hatcher, J. A. (2002). Campus-community partnerships: The terms of engagement. Journal of Social Issues, 58(3), 503–516. https://doi.org/10.1111/1540-4560.00273

Brint, S., & Karabel, J. (1989a). American education, meritocratic ideology, and the legitimation of inequality: The community college and the problem of American exceptionalism. Higher Education, 18(6), 725–735.

Brint, S., & Karabel, J. (1989b). The community college and democratic ideals. Community College Review, 17(2), 9–19.

Brint, S., & Karabel, J. (1989c). The diverted dream: Community colleges and the promise of educational opportunity in America, 1900-1985. Oxford University Press on Demand.

Buchanan, P. L. (2014). Appreciative inquiry: A path to change in education. Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertation, Paper 125.

Buglione, S. M., & Wittman, A. (2014). Connecting Past and Present: Nontraditional Learner and Practitioner Experiences through Service-Learning. In A. Traver and Z. Katz (Eds.) Service-Learning at the American Community College (pp. 81–93). Springer.

Burnette, K. (n.d.). Belonging: A Conversation about Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion. https://www.aug.co/blog/belonging-a-conversation-about-equity-diversity-and-inclusion

Bushe, G. R. (2011). Appreciative inquiry: Theory and critique. In D. Boje, B. Burnes, B. & J. Hassard, (Eds.) The Routledge Companion to Organizational Change (pp. 87–103). Routledge.

Butin, D. W. (2006). The Limits of service-learning in higher education. The Review of Higher Education, 29(4), 473–498.

Cahill, C., & Fine, M. (2016). Moving Forward: Rethinking the “Civic” in a Community College. In E. Schnee, A. Better, M. Clark Cummings (Eds.) Civic engagement pedagogy in the community college: Theory and practice (pp. vii-xii). Springer International Publishing.

Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching. (2015, January 7). Carnegie selects colleges and universities for 2015 community engagement classification. https://www.carnegiefoundation.org/newsroom/news-releases/carnegie-selects-colleges-universities-2015-community-engagement-classification/

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (1997). Principles of community engagement. CDC/ATSDR Committee on Community Engagement.

Chapman, C. (2018). Student acceptance of a civic engagement graduation requirement in an urban community college. In S. Chhabra (Ed.) Handbook of Research on Civic Engagement and Social Change in Contemporary Society (pp. 40–62). IGI Global.

Charmaz, K. (2014). Constructing grounded theory. Sage Publishing.

Clark, B. R. (1960). The" cooling-out" function in higher education. American Journal of Sociology, 65(6), 569–576.

Cohen, A. M., Brawer, F. B., & Kisker, C. B. (2013). The American Community College (6 ed.). Jossey-Bass.

Colón, C. P. (2016). Addressing civic issues in biology lab through citizen science. In E. Schnee, A. Better, M. Clark Cummings (Eds.) Civic engagement pedagogy in the community college: Theory and practice (pp. 171–187). Springer.

Community Learning Partnership (n.d.). Our Affiliates http://communitylearningpartnership.org/our-network/our-sites/

Cooperrider, D. L., & Whitney, D. (2005). Appreciative Inquiry: A Positive Revolution in Change (1 edition). Berrett-Koehler Publishers.

Cooperrider, D. L., Whitney, D., & Stavros, J. M. (2008). The Appreciative Inquiry Handbook: For Leaders of Change (2nd edition). Berrett-Koehler Publishers.

Cooperrider, D., & Srivastva, S. (1987). Appreciative inquiry into organizational life. Research in Organizational Change and Development, 1, 129–169.

Couch, S. (2017). Appreciative inquiry: The effects of using appreciative inquiry as a professional learning change agent at the community college level. (Doctoral Dissertation)

Cummings, M. C. (2016). From discontent to civic engagement in an ESL Learning Community. In E. Schnee, A. Better, M. Clark Cummings (Eds.) Civic engagement pedagogy in the community college: Theory and practice (pp. 235–246). Springer.

Davis, B., & Sumara, D. (2006). Complexity and education: Inquiries into learning, teaching, and research. Routledge.

Davis, B., Sumara, D., & Luce-Kapler, R. (2015). Engaging minds: Cultures of education and practices of teaching (3 edition). Routledge.

International Ergonomics Association (n.d.). Definition and domains of ergonomics. https://www.iea.cc/whats/

De Anza College. (n.d.). Vision, Mission and Values http://www.deanza.edu/about-us/mission-and-values.html

De Anza Men of Color Community (n.d.). Men of Color Community. http://www.deanza.edu/mc2/index.html

De Anza VIDA (n.d.) Leadership Certificate. http://www.deanza.edu/vida/LeadershipandSocialChange.html

Denzin, N. (2015). Constructing a new critical qualitative inquiry. Eleventh International Congress of Qualitative Inquiry, Champaign, IL.

Denzin, N. K. (2017). Critical qualitative inquiry. Qualitative Inquiry, 23(1), 8–16.

DeVault, M. L. (2006). Introduction: What is institutional ethnography? Social Problems, 53(3), 294–298.

Dolgon, C., Eatman, T. K., & Mitchell, T. D. (2017). The Devil at the Crossroads: Service Learning and Community Engagement from Here on Out. In C. Dolgon, T.D. Mitchell, T.K. Eatman (Eds.) The Cambridge Handbook of Service Learning and Community Engagement (527–533). Cambridge University Press

Dolgon, C. W. (2017). On compromise and complicity: A response to the review of the cambridge handbook of service learning and community engagement. Michigan Journal of Community Service Learning, 24(1).

Dostilio, L.D., & Perry, L. G. (2016). An explanation of community engagement professionals as professionals and leaders. In L.D. Dostillio (Ed.) The Community Engagement Professional in Higher Education: A Competency Model for An Emerging Field. Stylus Publishing, LLC.

Dostilio, Lina D. (Ed.). (2017). The Community Engagement Professional in Higher Education: A Competency Model for An Emerging Field. Campus Compact.

Dweck, C. S. (2007). Mindset: The new psychology of success (Updated edition). Ballantine Books.

Eatman, T. K. (2018). Faculty as Colearners: Collaborative Engagement and the Power of Story in Faculty Development. In E.A Berkey, P.M. Green, & C. Mexner (Eds.) Reconceptualizing faculty development in service-learning/community engagement: Exploring intersections, frameworks, and models of practice. VA: Stylus Publishing.

Eldon, D. (1997). The journey is the destination: The journals of Dan Eldon. Chronicle Books.

Elfman, L. (2018). Setting the standard for diversity and inclusion. Diverse: Issues in Higher Education, 35(11), 24–25.

Emerson, R. M., Fretz, R. I., & Shaw, L. L. (2011). Writing Ethnographic Fieldnotes, Second Edition (Second edition). University of Chicago Press.

Evenbeck, S., Dalpes, P., & Merians, L. E. (2014). The idea of place. In A. Traver and Z. Katz (Eds.) Service-Learning at the American Community College (287–296). Springer.

Exley, R. (2014). There is a reason community is in our name: Thoughts on how service-learning expands community in community college. In A. Traver and Z. Katz (Eds.) Service-Learning at the American Community College (297–304). Springer.

Faculty Association of California Community Colleges. (2019). FACCC Board Takes Vote of No Confidence in State Chancellor’s Office [Press Release]. http://www.faccc.org/blog/category/press-releases/

Fine, M. (2017). Just research in contentious times: Widening the methodological imagination. Teachers College Press.

Fiume, P. (2005). Constructivist theory and border pedagogy foster diversity as a resource for learning. Community College Enterprise, 11(2), 51–64.

Fiume, P. (2015). A Model for implementing civic engagement as a graduation requirement at a community college. Online Journal of Education Research, 3(2), 20–28.

Fiume, P. (2016). Developing effective service learning campus-community partnerships. In E. Schnee, A. Better, M. Clark Cummings (Eds.) Civic engagement pedagogy in the community college: Theory and practice (247–264). Springer.

Flyvbjerg, B. (2001). Making social science matter: Why social inquiry fails and how it can succeed again. Cambridge university press.

Flyvbjerg, B. (2006). Five misunderstandings about case-study research. Qualitative Inquiry, 12(2), 219–245.

Foothill-De Anza Board of Trustees. 10 June 2019 Meeting (2019). https://go.boarddocs.com/ca/fhda/Board.nsf/Public

Fricker, M. (2007). Epistemic injustice: Power and the ethics of knowing. Oxford University Press.

Gergen, K. J. (1978). Toward generative theory. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 36(11), 1344.

Gergen, K. J. (1992). The social constructionist movement in modern psychology. American Psychologist. 40(10).

Goldrick-Rab, S., Richardson, J., & Hernandez, A. (2017). Hungry and homeless in college: Results from a national study of basic needs insecurity in higher education.

Gottesman, I. (2016). The critical turn in education: From Marxist critique to poststructuralist feminism to critical theories of race. Routledge.

Haas Center for Public Service (n.d.). Pathways of Public Service and Civic Engagement https://haas.stanford.edu/about/about-our-work/pathways-public-service

Haas Center for Public Service. (n.d.) Principles of Ethical and Effective Service. https://haas.stanford.edu/about/about-our-work/principles-ethical-and-effective-service

Hall, B. (2011). Becoming Visible 2011 – A Knowledge Democracy Movement. http://aletmanski.com/series/becoming-visible-2011/bud-hall-becoming-visible-2011-a-knowledge-democracy-movement/

Hammond, S. A. (2013). The thin book of appreciative inquiry. Thin Book Publishing.

Harbour, C. P. (2016). Civic Engagement and cosmopolitan leadership. New Directions for Community Colleges, 2016(173), 51–59.

Harbour, C. P., & Smith, D. A. (2016). The completion agenda, community colleges, and civic capacity. Community College Journal of Research and Practice, 40(2), 100–112. https://doi.org/10.1080/10668926.2014.996923

Harper, S. R., & Hurtado, S. (2007). Nine themes in campus racial climates and implications for institutional transformation. New Directions for Student Services, 2007(120), 7–24.

Hartley, M., & Saltmarsh, J. (2016). A brief history of a movement: Civic engagement and American higher education. In. M.A. Post, E. Waird, N.V. Longo, & J. Saltmarsh (Eds.) Publicly Engaged Scholars: Next Generation Engagement and the Future of Higher Education (34–60). Stylus Publishing.

Hernandez, K., & Pasquesi, K. (2017). Critical Perspectives and Commitments Deserving Attention from Community Engagement Professionals. In L.D. Dostillio (Ed.) The Community Engagement Professional in Higher Education: A Competency Model for an Emerging Field. Stylus Publishing.

Hesse, M. (2014). Sustaining Momentum. In A. Traver and Z. Katz (Eds.) Service-Learning at the American Community College (pp. 311–318). Springer.

Hochschild, A. R. (2016). The ecstatic edge of politics: Sociology and Donald Trump. Contemporary Sociology, 45(6), 683–689.

Hodges, R. A., & Dubb, S. (2012). The Road half traveled: University engagement at a crossroads. Michigan State University Press.

Hood, S., Hopson, R. K., & Kirkhart, K. E. (2015). Culturally responsive evaluation. In K.E. Newcomer, H.P. Hatry, & J.S. Wholey (Eds.) Handbook of practical program evaluation (3rd Edition, pp.281-317).

Hyberger, A. (2016). Well-being and the community college mission. In D. Harward (Ed.) Well-being and Higher Education: A strategy for change and the realization of education’s greater purposes (pp. 231-234). Bringing Theory to Practice.

John Trudell Archives, Inc. (n.d.) John Trudell. https://www.johntrudell.com/

Jones, S. R., Torres, V., & Arminio, J. (2013). Negotiating the complexities of qualitative research in higher education: Fundamental elements and issues (2 ed.). Routledge.

Karp, M. M., & Bork, R. H. (2012). “They Never Told Me What to Expect, So I Didn’t Know What to Do”: Defining and Clarifying the Role of a Community College Student. Teachers College Record, 116(5), 1-40

Kates, L. (2016). Creating Civically Engaged Writing in a Cross-Cultural Teacher Education Class: Challenges and Possibilities. In E. Schnee, A. Better, M. Clark Cummings (Eds.) Civic engagement pedagogy in the community college: Theory and practice (pp. 133–150). Springer.

Kaufman, C. (2016). Overcoming faculty fears about civic work: Reclaiming higher education’s civic purpose. New Directions for Community Colleges, 2016(173), 69–76.

Kezar, A. (2012). Bottom-up/Top-down leadership: Contradiction or hidden phenomenon. The Journal of Higher Education, 83(5), 725–760.

Kincheloe, J. L. (2005). Critical Constructivism Primer. Peter Lang Inc., International Academic Publishers.

Kincheloe, J. L., & McLaren, P. (2002). Rethinking critical theory and qualitative research. In Y. Zou, E.T. Trueba (Eds.) Ethnography and Schools: Qualitative Approaches to the Study of Education (pp. 87–138).

Kisker, C. B., Weintraub, D. S., & Newell, M. A. (2016a). The community colleges’ role in developing students’ civic outcomes: Results of a national pilot. Community College Review, 44(4), 315–336.

Koro-Ljungberg, M., & Cannella, G. S. (2017). Critical qualitative inquiry: Histories, methodologies, and possibilities. International Review of Qualitative Research, 10(4), 327–339.

Kretzmann, J. P., & McKnight, J. L. (1993). Building Communities from the Inside Out: A Path Toward Finding and Mobilizing a Community’s Assets. ACTA Publications.

Kuh, G. D. (2012). High-impact educational practices: What they are, who has access to them, and why they matter. Peer Review, 14(3), 29. General OneFile.

Largent, L. (2013). Service-learning among nontraditional age community college students. Community College Journal of Research and Practice, 37(4), 296–312.

Lather, P. (1986). Issues of validity in openly ideological research: Between a rock and a soft place. Interchange, 17(4), 63–84.

Lather, P. (2006). Paradigm proliferation as a good thing to think with: Teaching research in education as a wild profusion. International Journal of Qualitative Studies in Education, 19(1), 35–57.

Lather, P. (2013). Methodology-21: What do we do in the afterward? International Journal of Qualitative Studies in Education, 26(6), 634–645.

Leggett, J. (2016). Supporting critical civic learning with interactive technology. In E. Schnee, A. Better, M. Clark Cummings (Eds.) Civic engagement pedagogy in the community college: Theory and practice (pp. 71–91). Springer.

Levin, J., & Montero-Hernandez, V. (2009). Community colleges and their students: Co-construction and organizational identity. Springer.

Liu, G. (1996). Origins, Evolution, and Progress: Reflections on a Movement. Higher Education, 25–38.

Longo, N. V., & Gibson, C. M. (2016). Collaborative engagement: The future of teaching and learning in higher education. In. M.A. Post, E. Waird, N.V. Longo, & J. Saltmarsh (Eds.) Publicly Engaged Scholars: Next Generation Engagement and the Future of Higher Education (pp. 61–75). Stylus Publishing, LLC.

Lorde, A. (2003). The master’s tools will never dismantle the master’s house. In R. Lewis & S. Mills (Eds.) Feminist Postcolonial Theory: A Reader (pp. 98-101). Crossing Press

Lynton, E. A. (1994). Knowledge and scholarship. Metropolitan Universities, 5(1), 9–17.

Maeckelbergh, M. (2011). Doing is believing: Prefiguration as strategic practice in the alterglobalization movement. Social Movement Studies, 10(1), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1080/14742837.2011.545223

Martin, L., & Crossland, S. (2017). High Quality Community-Campus Partnerships: Approaches and Competencies. In L.D Dostillio (Ed.) The Community Engagement Professional in Higher Education: A Competency Model for an Emerging Field. Stylus Publishing.

Martínez Palacios, J. (2016). Equality and diversity in democracy: How can we democratize inclusively? Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal, 35(5/6), 350–363.

Mathews, D. (2016). The community college’s role in helping to make democracy work as it should. New Directions for Community Colleges, 2016(173), 33–40.

Matthews, G. (2003). Silicon Valley, women, and the California dream: Gender, class, and opportunity in the twentieth century. Stanford Univ. Press.

Maxey, D., & Kezar, A. (2014). Overcoming obstacles for involving part-time faculty in service-learning. In A. Traver and Z. Katz (Eds.) Service-Learning at the American Community College (pp. 241–256). Springer.

McGowan, T. G. (2017). Ernest Boyer and the Rediscovery of Integration. In C. Dolgon, T. D. Mitchell, & T. K. Eatman (Eds.), The Cambridge Handbook of Service Learning and Community Engagement (pp. 99–111). Cambridge University Press; Cambridge Core. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781316650011.011

McKibben, B. (2008). Deep Economy: The wealth of communities and the durable future. St. Martin’s Griffin.

Merriam, S. B., & Tisdell, E. J. (2015). Qualitative research: A guide to design and implementation (4 edition). Jossey-Bass.

Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldaña, J. (2013). Qualitative data analysis: A methods sourcebook (3 edition). SAGE Publications, Inc.

Mitchell, T. D. (2008). Traditional vs. critical service-learning: Engaging the literature to differentiate two models. Michigan Journal of Community Service Learning, 14(2).

Mitchell, T. D., Donahue, D. M., & Young-Law, C. (2012). Service learning as a pedagogy of whiteness. Equity & Excellence in Education, 45(4), 612–629.

Moore, T. L. (2014). Community-university engagement: A process for building democratic communities: ASHE Higher Education Report, 40: 2. John Wiley & Sons.

Mullen, J., & Justice, C. (2018). The Basics of Community College Funding. California Community Colleges Vision Resource Center.

Murphy, B. (2014). Civic learning in community colleges. In J.N Reich (Ed.) Civic Engagement, Civic Development, and Higher Education (pp. 19–24). Bringing Theory to Practice

Murphy, B. (2016). Well-Being and Agency: Political Education in a Time of Crisis. In Well-Being and Higher Education: A Strategy for Change and the Realization of Education’s Greater Purposes (pp. 179-184). Bringing Theory to Practice.

NASPA (n.d.) Lead Initiative. https://www.naspa.org/constituent-groups/groups/lead-initiative

National Task Force on Civic Learning and Democratic Engagement. (2012). A crucible moment: College learning and democracy’s future.

Ng, J. W., Azarmi, N., Leida, M., Saffre, F., Afzal, A., & Yoo, P. D. (2010). The Intelligent Campus (iCampus): End-to-end learning lifecycle of a knowledge ecosystem. 2010 Sixth International Conference on Intelligent Environments (pp. 332–337).

Norte, E. (2017). The Medicine Wheel and the Three Spheres of Integrated Work. De Anza Equity Action Council.

Onwuegbuzie, A. J., & Johnson, R. B. (2006). The validity issue in mixed research. Research in the Schools, 13(1), 48–63.

Parini-Runge, S. A. (2015). Appreciative organizing: Charting a course for community engagement. Interdisciplinary Journal of Partnership Studies, 2(2).

Parker, L. (2015). Critical race theory in education and qualitative inquiry: What each has to offer each other now? Qualitative Inquiry, 21(3).

Peshkin, A. (1993). The goodness of qualitative research. Educational Researcher, 22(2), 23–29.

Peshkin, A. (2000). The nature of interpretation in qualitative research. Educational Researcher, 29(9), 5–9.

Picciano, A. G., & Spring, J. (2012). The Great American Education-Industrial Complex: Ideology, Technology, and Profit (1 edition). Routledge.

Pichai, S. (2019, June 18). $1 billion for 20,000 Bay Area homes. Google. https://www.blog.google/inside-google/company-announcements/1-billion-investment-bay-area-housing/

Pillow, W. (2003). Confession, catharsis, or cure? Rethinking the uses of reflexivity as methodological power in qualitative research. International Journal of Qualitative Studies in Education, 16(2), 175–196.

Pollack, S. (1999). Early connections between service and education. Service-Learning: A Movement’s Pioneers Reflect on Its Origins, Practice, and Future, 12–32.

Prentice, M. (2011). Civic engagement among community college students through service learning. Community College Journal of Research and Practice, 35(11), 842–854.

Prentice, M. (2014). Community college service-learning programs: The well-traveled path to civic engagement. In A. Traver and Z. Katz (Eds.) Service-Learning at the American Community College (pp. 185–197). Springer.

Prentice, M., & Robinson, G. (2007). Linking service learning and civic engagement in community college students. American Association of Community Colleges.

Project for Public Spaces. (2007). What is Placemaking? https://www.pps.org/article/what-is-placemaking

Pucino, A., & Penniston, T. (2014). Service-learning and the acquisition of social capital in the community college setting. In A. Traver and Z. Katz (Eds.) Service-Learning at the American Community College (pp. 199–210). Springer.

Puente Project (n.d.) Puente Project. http://www.deanza.edu/puente/index.html

Purcell, J. W. (2014). The engaged community college: Supporting the institutionalization of engagement through collaborative action inquiry. Journal of Higher Education Outreach and Engagement, 18(3), 105–112.

Ronan, B. (2012). Community colleges and the work of democracy. Connections: Educating for Democracy, 31–33.

Ronan, B., & Kisker, C. B. (Eds.). (2016). Civic Learning and Democratic Engagement: New Directions for Community Colleges.

Rosenberg, M. B. (2003). Nonviolent communication: A language of life (2nd edition). Puddledancer Press.

Rozenboym, A. V. (2016). Incorporating civic engagement in the human anatomy and physiology Course. In E. Schnee, A. Better, M. Clark Cummings (Eds.) Civic engagement pedagogy in the community college: Theory and practice (pp. 115–132). Springer.

RP Group. (2013). Success Factors Framework. https://rpgroup.org/Our-Projects/Student-Support-Re-defined/SuccessFactorsFramework

Saltmarsh, J. (2010). Changing pedagogies. In H.E. Fitzgerald & C. Burack (Eds.) Handbook of Engaged Scholarship: Contemporary Landscapes, Future Directions, 1, 331–352.

Saltmarsh, J., & Hartley, M. (Eds.). (2012). “To Serve a Larger Purpose”: Engagement for Democracy and the Transformation of Higher Education (Reprint edition). Temple University Press.

Saltmarsh, J., & Hartley, M. (2016). The inheritance of next generation engagement scholars. In. M.A. Post, E. Waird, N.V. Longo, & J. Saltmarsh (Eds.) Publicly Engaged Scholars: Next Generation Engagement and the Future of Higher Education (pp. 15-33). Stylus Publishing, LLC.

Saltmarsh, J., Hartley, M., & Clayton, P. (2009). Democratic engagement white paper. University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons

Santos, B. de S. (2007). Beyond Abyssal Thinking: From Global Lines to Ecologies of Knowledges. Review, 30(1), 45–89.

Sarofian-Butin, D. (2017). Review essay: Me and the devil was walkin’ side-by-side: Demythologizing (and reviewing) the cambridge handbook of service learning and community engagement. Michigan Journal of Community Service Learning, 24(1).

Schnee, E., Better, A., & Clark Cummings, M. (Eds.). (2016). Civic Engagement Pedagogy in the Community College: Theory and Practice. Springer International Publishing.

Schultz, D. L. (2016). Disrupting the dream: Teaching civil rights history at a twenty-first century community college. In E. Schnee, A. Better, M. Clark Cummings (Eds.) Civic engagement pedagogy in the community college: Theory and practice e (pp. 33–52). Springer.

Smith, L. T. (2012). Decolonizing Methodologies: Research and Indigenous Peoples (2 edition). Zed Books.

Stavros, J., Godwin, L., & Cooperrider, D. (2016). Appreciative inquiry: Organization development and the strengths revolution. In W. Rothwell, J. Stavros, & R. Sullivan (Eds.) Practicing Organization Development: Leading Transformation and Change (pp. 96–116, 4th Edition).

Sturm, S., Eatman, T., Saltmarsh, J., & Bush, A. (2011). Full participation: Building the architecture for diversity and public engagement in higher education. Imagining America. 17.

Sullivan, P. (2017). Economic inequality, neoliberalism, and the American community college (1st ed. 2017 edition). Palgrave Macmillan.

Taggart, A., & Crisp, G. (2011). Service learning at community colleges: Synthesis, critique, and recommendations for future research. Journal of College Reading and Learning, 42(1), 24–44.

The Democracy Commitment (n.d.) The Democracy Commitment. http://thedemocracycommitment.org/

Extinction Rebellion (n.d.) The Emergency. https://rebellion.earth/the-truth/the-emergency/

Thibodeau, J. (2011). Appreciative accreditation: A mixed methods explanatory study of appreciative inquiry-based institutional effectiveness results in higher education. Doctoral Dissertation

Traver, A. E., Katz, Z. P., & Bradley, M. (2014). Service-Learning and Immigrant-Origin Community College Students: How and Why Project Design Matters. In A. Traver and Z. Katz (Eds.) Service-Learning at the American Community College (pp. 67–80). Springer.

Traver, A., & Katz, Z. (Eds.). (2014). Service-Learning at the American Community College: Theoretical and Empirical Perspectives (2014 edition). Palgrave Macmillan.

Turner, L. M. (2016). Implementing the civic engagement graduation requirement at Kingsborough Community College. New Directions for Community Colleges, 173, 61–68.

Ulmer, T. (2016). Undocumented immigrants and myself: Building bridges through research in a first year english course. In E. Schnee, A. Better, M. Clark Cummings (Eds.) Civic engagement pedagogy in the community college: Theory and practice (pp. 189–201). Springer.

Vaknin, L. W., & Bresciani, M. J. (2013). Implementing quality service-learning programs in Community Colleges. Community College Journal of Research and Practice, 37(12), 979–989.

VanOra, J. (2016). What does this have to do with psychology?: Challenges and possibilities of civic engagement in introduction to psychology. In E. Schnee, A. Better, M. Clark Cummings (Eds.) Civic engagement pedagogy in the community college: Theory and practice (pp. 95–113). Springer.

Vidich, A. J., & Lyman, S. M. (2000). Qualitative methods: Their history in sociology and anthropology. Handbook of Qualitative Research, 2, 37–84.

Yosso*, T. J. (2005). Whose culture has capital? A critical race theory discussion of community cultural wealth. Race ethnicity and education, 8(1), 69-91.

Wallace, D. F. (2009). This is water: Some thoughts, delivered on a significant occasion, about living a compassionate life. Hachette UK.

Washington, J. M. G. (2011). An appreciative inquiry approach to strategic planning: A program evaluation of continuing education services at a community college. Doctoral Dissertation

Watkins, J. M., & Mohr, B. (2001). Appreciative inquiry: Change at the speed of imagination. Organization Development Journal, 19(3), 92.

Wylie, H. B. (2014). Hitting close to home: When service-learners serve their own. In A. Traver and Z. Katz (Eds.) Service-Learning at the American Community College (pp. 53–65). Springer.

Downloads

Published

2023-03-08