The Role of Residencies in Promoting Student Engagement in Online Pedagogy
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18060/24865Keywords:
Social Work, Grounded Residency, Student Engagement, Social Connection, online educationAbstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has fractured social connections across all industries, including higher education. Some social work departments were forced to shift from traditional on-ground learning to adopt virtual delivery methods, while others voluntarily made this shift to join the emerging online education trends. When the pandemic restrictions abate, online programs may seek to promote social connections through targeted activities such as adopting a grounded residency. Online programs in social work and other fields have varied application in using residencies to bridge the online and on-ground modalities for learning. Students often report asynchronous online platforms foster a reduced sense of engagement in learning and low levels of connected engagement with faculty and peers. In social work programs, these residencies build on explicit and implicit curricular aims and have an argued externality of building engagement. This paper explores data collected from students (n=131) in a master's in social work program before the initiation of pandemic social distancing protocols and their perceptions of engagement related to their grounded residency experience in one online social work program in the southeastern United States. Results of survey data (quantitative and qualitative) are presented and analyzed with a discussion of the relative impact residency efforts may have on students' reported levels of engagement and opportunities to increase social connection in a post-pandemic environment.
References
Amador, P., & Amador, J. (2014). Academic advising via Facebook: Examining student help seeking. The Internet and Higher Education, 21, 9-16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iheduc.2013.10.003
Bandura, A. (1977). Self-efficacy: Toward a unifying theory of behavioral change. Psychological Review, 84(2), 191-215. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.84.2.191
Bell, T., Urhahne, D., Schanze, U., & Ploetzner, R. (2010). Collaborative inquiry learning; Models, tools, and challenges. International Journal of Science Education, 32(2), 349-377. https://doi.org/10.1080/09500690802582241
Bernard, R. M., Abrami, P. C., Lou, Y., Borokhovski, E., Wade, A., Wozney, L., Wallet, P. A., Fiset, M., & Huang, B. (2004). How does distance education compare with classroom instruction? A meta-analysis of the empirical literature. Review of Educational Research, 74(3), 379-439. https://doi.org/10.3102/00346543074003379
Bogo, M., & Wayne, J. (2013). The implicit curriculum in social work education: The culture of human interchange. Journal of Teaching in Social Work, 33(1), 2-14. https://doi.org/10.1080/08841233.2012.746951
Campbell, M., Lucio, R., & Detres, M. (2019). Can a digital whiteboard foster student engagement? Journal of Social Work Education, 38(6), 735-752. https://doi.org/10.1080/02615479.2018.1556631
Coulton, C. J., Goerge, R., Putnam-Hornstein, E., & de Haan, B. (2015). Harnessing big data for social good: A grand challenge for social work [Working Paper]. American Academy of Social Work & Social Welfare. https://grandchallengesforsocialwork.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/WP11-with-cover.pdf
Council on Social Work Education. (2015). Educational policy and accreditation standards. https://cswe.org/getattachment/Accreditation/Accreditation-Process/2015-EPAS/2015EPAS_Web_FINAL.pdf.aspx
Drouin M., & Vartanian, L. (2010). Students' feelings of and desire for sense of community in face-to-face and online courses. The Quarterly Review of Distance Education, 11(3), 147-159. https://www.pfw.edu/dotAsset/ff3c217c-d596-446d-b10f-6c555fdb1674.pdf
Dumford, A. D., & Miller, A. L. (2018). Online learning in higher education: Exploring advantages and disadvantages for engagement. Journal of Computing in Higher Education, 30(3), 452-465. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12528-018-9179-z
Exter M., Korkmaz N., Harlin N., & Bichelmeyer B. (2009). Sense of community within a fully online program. The Quarterly Review of Distance Education, 10(2), 177-194. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ864052
Finnegan-Kessie, T., Donnellan, P., Oswald, T., & Vaugh, T. (2020). Socially distanced higher education: Student and staff experiences of teaching and learning during the COVID-19 lockdown. AISHE-J: The All-Ireland Journal of Teaching & Learning in Higher Education, 12(3), 1-8. https://ojs.aishe.org/index.php/aishe-j/article/view/453
Gillett-Swan, J. (2017). The challenges of online learning: Supporting and engaging the isolated learner. Journal of Learning Design, 10(1), 20-30. https://doi.org/10.5204/jld.v9i3.293
Grady, M. D., Powers, J., Despard, M., & Naylor, S. (2011). Measuring the implicit curriculum: Initial development and results of an MSW survey. Journal of Social Work Education, 47, 463-487. https://doi.org/10.5175/JSWE.2011.200900119
Grady, M. D., Swick, D. C., & Powers, J. D. (2018). The Implicit curriculum survey: An examination of the psychometric properties, Journal of Social Work Education, 54(2), 261-269. https://doi.org/10.1080/10437797.2017.1404527
Grady, M. D., Glass, V. R., Lechner, E., & Naylor, S. M. (2020). What do MSW students say matters in MSW programs? Results from a qualitative study of the implicit curriculum, Journal of Social Work Education, 56(3), 560-575. https://doi.org/10.1080/10437797.2019.1656585
Gonzalez, T., de la Rubia, M. A., Hincz, K. P., Comas-Lopez, M., Subirats, L., Fort, S., & Sacha, G. M. (2020). Influence of COVID-19 confinement on students' performance in higher education. PLOS ONE, 15(10), 1-23. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0239490
Horowitz, M. (2020). COVID-19's Lasting effects on the higher education landscape. Campus Technology Magazine, 34(1), 10-12. https://campustechnology.com/articles/2020/10/20/covid19s-lasting-effects-on-the-higher-education-landscape.aspx
Kanık, M. (2021). Students' perception of and engagement in reactive online education provided during the COVID-19 pandemic. International Online Journal of Education and Teaching (IOJET), 8(2). 1063-1082. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1294304
Kapasia, N., Paul, P., Roy, A., Saha, J., Zaveri, A., Mallick, R., Barman, B., Das, P., & Chouhan, P. (2020). Impact of lockdown on learning status of undergraduate and postgraduate students during COVID-19 pandemic in West Bengal, India. Children and Youth Services Review, 116, 1-5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.105194
Kazmer. M. M. (2007). How do students experience differ in online LIS programs with and without a residency? The Library Quarterly, 77(4), 359-383. https://doi.org/10.1086/520995
Kearsley, G., & Shneideman, B. (1999). Engagement theory: A framework for technology-based teaching and learning. Educational Technology, 38(5), 20-23. https://www.jstor.org/stable/44428478?seq=1#metadata_info_tab_contents
Kee, C. E. (2021). The impact of COVID-19: Graduate students' emotional and psychological experiences. Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment, 31(1-4), 476-488. https://doi.org/10.1080/10911359.2020.1855285
Kelly, A. P., & Columbus, R. (2020). College in the time of coronavirus. American Enterprise Institute. https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/resrep25358.pdf
Miller, S. E. (2013). Professional socialization: A bridge between the explicit and implicit curricula. Journal of Social Work Education, 49(3), 368-386. https://doi.org/10.1080/10437797.2013.796773
Morton, C. M., Wells, M., & Cox, T. (2019). The implicit curriculum: Student engagement and the role of social media. Journal of Social Work Education, 55(1), 153-159. https://doi.org/10.1080/10437797.2018.1508393
Peterson, N. A., Farmer, A. Y., & Zippay, A. (2014). The implicit curriculum in an urban university setting: Pathways to students' professional empowerment. Journal of Social Work Education, 50, 630-647. https://doi.org/10.1080/10437797.2014.947163
Quinn, A., & Barth, A. M. (2014). Operationalizing the implicit curriculum in MSW distance education programs. Journal of Social Work Education, 50(1), 34-47. https://doi.org/10.1080/10437797.2014.856229
Rabe-Hemp C., Woollen S., & Humiston G. (2009). A comparative analysis of student engagement, learning, and satisfaction in lecture hall and online settings. The Quarterly Review of Distance Education, 10(2), 207-218. https://www.learntechlib.org/p/103633/.
Reamer, F. G. (2013). Distance and online social work education: Novel ethical challenges. Journal of Teaching in Social Work, 33(4-5), 369-384. https://doi.org/10.1080/08841233.2013.828669
Richardson, J. C., & Swan, K. (2003). Examining social presence in online courses in relation to students' perceived learning and satisfaction. Journal of Asynchronous Learning Networks, 7(1), 68-88. https://doi.org/10.24059/olj.v7i1.1864
Rovai, A. (2002). Development of an instrument to assess classroom community. Internet and Higher Education, 5(3), 197-211. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1096-7516(02)00102-1
Rovai, A., Wighting, M., & Lucking, R. (2004). The classroom and school community inventory: Development, refinement, and validation of a self-report measure for educational research. Internet and Higher Education, 7, 263-280. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iheduc.2004.09.001
Shirvani, H. (2014). Do your elementary mathematics methodology class correspond to constructivist epistemology? Journal of Instructional Psychology, 36(3), 245-258. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ952275
Solimeno, A., Mebane, M., Tomai, D., & Francescato, D. (2008). The influence of student and teacher characteristics on the efficacy of face-to-face and computer supported collaborative learning. Computer & Education, 51(1), 109-128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2007.04.003
Son C., Hegde S., Smith, A., Wang X., & Sasangohar, F. (2020). Effects of COVID-19 on college students' mental health in the United States: Interview survey study. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 22(9), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.2196/21279
Stoessel, K., Ihme, T. A., Barbarino, M-L., Fisseler, B., & Sturmer, S. (2015). Sociodemographic diversity and distance education: Who drops out from academic programs and why? Research in Higher Education, 56, 228-246. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11162-014-9343-x
Thompson, L., & Yu-Ku H. (2006). A case study of online collaborative learning. The Quarterly Review of Distance Education, 7(4), 361-375. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ875042
Vygotsky, L. (1978). Mind in society. MIT Press.
Wiest, C. (2015). "Sense of Classroom Community" in online social work education. Journal of Education and Human Development, 4(2), 22-49. http://dx.doi.org/10.15640/jehd.v4n2_1a3
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Michael Campbell, Robert Lucio, Khalilah Louis-Caines, Courtney Wiest
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.